PRESENT STATUS OF KHALISHPUR POURO SUPER FISH MARKET: From Market Trip Study

INTRODUCTION

In aquaculture system post-stocking is one of the most important stages for excellent scientific culture of aquatic organisms gradually we have to advance through pre stocking management in which included pond preparation, liming, fertilizer etc and after that we have to come in stocking management systems. When we will get sustainable aquaculture products, then we have to step for post stocking management (harvesting and marketing). Post stocking is concerned with those entire situation where fish is used as a food community, from the point of capture to the point of composition. It embraces harvesting, handling transportation processing and preservation, distribution marketing product innovation and development, nutritional consideration, standards and specifications, quality control. In Bangladesh, fishermen have poor knowledge of harvesting and handling fish after catch. With still under production in fisheries, Bangladesh faces problem both qualitatively and quantitatively. Quantitatively losses of about 10-30% of fish have been reported (Doe et.al., 1977; Ahmed et.al., 1978). Marketing is another fisheries activity in fisheries management. Fish marketing connect production and consumption. By marketing we can reach the fishery products up to consumer. In Bangladesh fish marketing in fishing communities traditionally operate under private enterprise in which rich traders play a dominant role. This function has potential monopolistic and mono-somatic qualities this system yields for the poor fishermen only a low price. Apart from price and weight, the poor fisherman suffers at the hands of monopolist suppliers of ice, nets, boats and other gears. The main problem affecting the marketing of fish in Bangladesh are the isolation of many fishing communities, poor transport, lack of ice, poor physical facilities and wide spread of ignorance of the factors affecting fish quality and the ways of overcoming them. Marketing is very important for to meet the demand of animal protein, to import the aquaculture products in foreign countries, to culture again for crop rotation, to balance our investment and profit by this aquaculture products, sustainable management of fisheries on the use of crafts and gears. It also helps to give a good connection in fishermen intermediaries. So, this assignment based on harvesting and marketing is very important, realistic, informative and meaning. We surveyed Khalishpur Pouro Super Market. It was a big market and fish market was one of the portions of the market. We found some important fish species by surveying Khalishpur Pouro Super Market in Khulna region.

BACKGROUND

Survey time:

We surveyed at 7.30 am of 11^th July, 2008. We selected that day, because the day was Friday and most of the people came Friday to that Market and fish species were available in that day. We made a questionnaire related to that market.

Background History:

Government wanted to make a market in the Khalishpur thana from where maximum things could be brought. So, this market was established. But some of the people (related to Chitrali Bazaar) did not want that as they got money from Chitrali Bazaar. So, there was a confliction between Khulna City Corporation and those people who got advantages from Chitrali Bazaar. At last, Government took initial step and the market was beginning to run properly in 1996.

Location:

It was situated near the Chitrali Cenema Hall (in Khalishpur thana) called Chitrali Bazaar. But now it is situated near a Madrasha. It was called chitrali bazaar. But now it is called Khalishpur Pouro Super Market.

Fig.1: Khalishpur pouro super market

Establishment Year:

The establishment of this market was started from1993 and the work was finished at 1994 (Finished completely in 1996). At that time, Sheikh Tayebur Rahman, Mayor of Khulna City, opened the foundation-stone in 9^th January of 2003.

.

Fig.2: Foundation-stone opened by Sheikh Tayebur Rahman

Area:

It was a medium sized market. Actually it was the combination of four markets (kacha Bazaar, Meat Market, fish market and others). The total area of this market was about 35,000 ft² (3200 m²). Fish market contained about one-third of the total area (about 12000 ft² or 1000 m²).

Fig.3: Fish market in the Khalishpur Pouro Super Market

WHOLESALER NUMBER AND STATUS

There were special place for the wholesaler (Aratdar) in the market. The total number of Aratdar was seven in that market. They all have own shop in that market form where retailer of that market bought fisheries products. They have average three labours. They sold the fisheries products about of 50 thousands taka per day.

RETAILER NUMBER

About eighty persons acted there as local retailer. They told that they got profit average 200-300 tk. per day.

CATEGORIES OF BUYERS

Commonly middle-class people came here to buy fish. Lower-class people also came. But the number of higher-class people was lower. Khalishpur is the place of Labour of different mills and all we know that the present condition of those mills and the condition of the people of those mills is not so good. Some people came from different area of the Khulna. We surveyed on fifty people who came to buy fisheries products. We found that nine were higher-class, seventeen were lower-class and twenty four were middle class. We found the percentage that was given below:

Table1: Number of different categorical buyers among fifty buyers.

Fig.4: Percentage of different categorical buyers found in the survey.

FISH COLLECTION SOURCE

Fisheries products were collected in different places around the Khulna region such as Shahapur(Dumuria), Noyapara, Rupsha and Gollamari. They collected fish form different rivers, ghers, ponds, bills (Dakatia bill) of those places. Some special fisheries products (Dry fish and Ilish) were collected from Chittagong and Jessore. Retailer collected fisheries products from both those area and Aroth. Aratder collected fisheries products commonly from Shahapur, Rupsha, Noyapara and Jessore.

TRANSPORTATION

They used mainly van as transporting vehicle. Sometimes lorry was used for carrying large number of fishes and for carrying from far location. They used mainly jhuri (made of bamboo) for carrying fish. Polythelene was used for sometimes.

AVALABLE FISH AND OTHER AQUATIC SPECIES IN KHALISHPUR POURO SUPER MARKET

1.
Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Crustacea

Order: Decapoda

Family: Penaeidae

Genus: Penaeus

Species: Penaeus monodon
Fig.5: Bagda chingri

Local name: Bagda chingri     

Common name: Tiger shrimp

Scientific name: Penaeus monodon

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 450 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Have tiger like spot on body. Hepatic carina is straight.
• Have external genital organ petasma in male and thelycum in female and three pairs of chelate leg. No exopotide in the 5^th periopod.

2. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Crustacea

Order: Decapoda

Family: Palaemonidae

Genus: Macrobrachium

Species: Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Fig.6: Golda chingri

Local name: Golda chingri

Common name: Prawn

Scientific name: Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Sources: Gollamari

Price: 340 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Slight bluish or greenish in color
• Second walking leg is larger and has chela.
• Have 11-14 teeth on upper part and 8-13 teeth on lower part rostrum.
• Branchiostegal spine is absent but hepatic spine is present.
• Carpus of 2^nd periopod is more than twice in length of chela.

3. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Crustacea

Order: Decapoda

Family: Penaeidae

Genus: Penaeus

Species: Penaeus indicus
Fig.7: Chaga chingri

Local name: Chaga chingri

Common name: White shrimp

Scientific name: Penaeus indicus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 160 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Have brown spot on the body, 8-10 teeth on the upper part and 4-6 teeth on the lower part of rostrum and strong ridge on the carapace.

4. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Crustacea

Order: Decapoda

Family: Penaeidae

Genus: Metapenaeus

Species: Metapenaeus monoceros      Fig.8:Horina chingri

Local name: Horina chingri

Common name: Brown Shrimp

Scientific name: Metapenaeus monoceros

Sources: Gollamari

Price: 240 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Rostrum straight with brown horn, has 8-12 dorsal teeth but no ventral teeth.
• Body is covered with thin fiber. Red antenna and flagella are present.
• Uropod is slight red color.
• For the extension of thelycum plate two ears like part is formed at the exterior portion of thelycum. The external part of petasma look like as cover

5.
Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Sub-O: Cyprinoidei

Family: Cyprinidae Fig.9: Rui

Genus: Labeo

Species: Labeo ruhita

Local name: Rui

Common name: Carp

Scientific name: Labeo ruhita

Sources: Noyapara (large) and Shahapur (small)

Price: 160 Tk/kg (large) and 70 Tk/kg (small)

Characteristics:

• Body stout, dorsal profile more convex than abdomen
• Head fairly large and conical, its length less than body depth
• Fins reddish upper lobe of caudal fin usually tipped with white

6. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Genus: Catla

Species: Catla catla
Fig.10: Catla

Local name: Catla

Common name: Carp

Scientific name: Catla catla

Sources: Noyapara

Price: 140 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body moderately deep
• Anterior part is larger posterior region
• Upper lip is short than lower lip.

7. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae Fig.11: Silver Carp

Genus: Hypophthalmicthys

Species: Hypophthalmicthys molitrix

Local name: Silver carp

Common name: Carp

Scientific name: Hypophthalmicthys molitrix

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 45-55 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and laterally flattened
• Mouth is terminal and Surface feeder
• Caudal fin homocircle and all fins are reddish color
• Color of the body silvery, darker on back, flanks with golden reflection

8. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Genus: Ctenopharyngodon Fig.12:
Grass Carp

Species: Ctenopharyngodon idella

Local name: Grass carp

Common name: Carp

Scientific name: Ctenopharyngodon idella

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 120

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and laterally flattened
• Head fairly small and conical

9. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Genus: Puntius
Fig.13: Titputi

Species: Puntius ticto

Local name: Titputi

Common name: Tito barb

Scientific name: Puntius ticto

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 80 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body strongly compressed, often high backed
• Mouth small, terminal and barbells absent
• Two back spots a smaller one above pectoral fin and another

10.
Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Genus: Puntius

Species: Puntius sarana

Local name: Sharal puti Fig.14:
Sharal puti

Common name: Olive barb

Scientific name: Puntius sarana

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 80 Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body moderately compressed with elevated back
• Head fairly small
• Color of the body silvery, darker on back, flanks with golden reflection

11. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Heteropneustidae

Genus: Heteropneustes

Species: Heteropneustes fossilis
Fig.15: Shing

Local name: Shing

Common name: Stinging catfish

Scientific name: Heteropneustes fossilis

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 400Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated, sub cylindrical to pelvic fin base compressed behind
• Head depressed
• Mouth smack and terminal, teeth in villiform bands on jaws, barbells four well developed pairs
• Dorsal fin short, inserted usually above tip of pectoral fins
• Pectoral fin with a strong spine
• Anal fin long based and separate from caudal fin

12. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Clariidae

Genus: Clarias     Fig.16: Magur

Species: Clarias batrachus

Local name: Magur

Common name: Stinging catfish

Scientific name: Clarias batrachus

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 450Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated,
• Head moderately depressed & Mouth terminal, teeth in villiform bands on jaws, barbells four well developed pairs & Pectoral fin with a strong spine
• Dorsal fin inserted slightly anterior to tip of pectoral fins
• Anal fin long based and separate from caudal fin

13. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Cichlidae

Genus: Oreochromis

Species: Oreochromis nilotica

Local name: Nilotica      Fig.17: Nilotica

Common name: Nile Tilapia

Scientific name: Oreochromis nilotica

Sources: Shahapur (Dumuria)

Price: 110Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body oblong and moderately deep
• Mouth fairly large, teeth villiform on jaws
• Dorsal fin is long and caudal fin is reddish color

14. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Cichlidae

Genus: Oreochromis

Species: Oreochromis mossambica
Fig.18: Tialpia

Local name: Tilapia

Common name: Tilapia

Scientific name: Oreochromis mossambica

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 80Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body oblong and moderately deep but smaller than Nilotica
• Mouth fairly large, teeth villiform on jaws
• Dorsal fin is long and caudal fin is blackish color

15. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Channiformes

Family: Channidae

Genus: Channa     Fig.19: Taki

Species: Channa
punctatus

Local name: Taki

Common name:

Scientific name: Channa punctatus

Sources: Noyapara

Price: 120Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated, cylindrical and cover with cycloid scale.
• Head dorsally flattened, like as snake
• Dorsal and anal fin is very long, Caudal fin is rounded.

16.
Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Channiformes

Family: Channidae

Genus: Channa

Species: Channa striata
Fig.20: Shol

Local name: Shol

Common name: Barca Snakehead

Scientific name: Channa striata

Sources: Noyapara

Price: 220Tk/kg

Characteristics:     

• Body elongated almost cylindrical anteriorly, compressed posteriorly
• Tongue rounded
• Dorsal, caudal and anal dark, pectoral densely spotted

17. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family:Sciacnidae

Genus: Johnius

Species: Johnius argentatus Fig.21: Vola

Local name: Vola

Common name:

Scientific name: Johnius argentatus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 200Tk/kg

18. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Genus: Monopterus

Species: Monopterus cuchia

Local name: Cuchia     Fig.22: Cuchia

Common name: Gagetic mudeel

Scientific name: Monopterus cuchia

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 160Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body eel like, robust
• Skin slippery
• Pectorals, pelvics and caudal fins absent, dorsal rudimentary.

19. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Anabantidae

Genus: Anabas     Fig.23: Koi

Species: Anabas testudineus

Local name: Koi

Common name: Climbing perch

Scientific name: Anabas testudineus

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 360Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and moderately deep
• Mouth fairly large
• Teeth villiform on, jaw, Scales large

20. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Mastacembelidae

Genus: Macrognathus Fig.24: Tarabaim

Species: Macrognathus aculeatus

Local name: Tarabaim

Common name: One Stripe Spiny eel

Scientific name: Macrognathus aculeatus

Sources: Aroth

Price: 280Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated having a long fleshly snout with trilobed tip.
• Dorsal fin inserted far behind tip of pectoral
• Color of the body brownish or greenish marbled superiorly becoming yellowish along abdomen.

21.
Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Osteichthyes

Family: Stromateidae

Genus: Pampus

Species: Pampus argenteus    Fig.25: Folichanda

Local name: Folichanda

Scientific name: Pampus argenteus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 280Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Dorsal and anal fin falcate shape
• Caudal fin deeply forked lower lobe longer.

22. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cluperiformes

Family: Notopteridae

Genus: Notopterus

Species: Notopterus notopterus
Fig.26: Foli

Local name: Foli

Common name: Grey feather back

Scientific name: Notopterus notopterus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 320Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body deeply compressed laterally, dorsal profile less convex than abdomen
• Elongated outer and small inner rows of teeth on each jaw, that on palate and between snout and end of caudal fin
• Pectoral fin extends beyond origin of anal, pelvic rudime

23. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cluperiformes

Family: Clupeidae

Genus: Tenualosa

Species: Tenualosa ilisha
Fig.27: Ilish

Local name: Ilish

Common name:

Scientific name: Tenualosa ilisha

Sources: Jessore

Price: 320Tk/kg (large) and 200Tk/kg (small)

Characteristics:

• Body is elongated, compressed laterally
• Mouth is terminal and caudal fin is heterocyclic
• Abdomen also terminal and rough.

24. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Percidae

Genus: Lates

Species: Lates calcarifer Fig.28: Coral

Local name: Coral

Common name: Giant seaperch

Scientific name: Lates calcarifer

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 180Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Nostrils on each side of head close together near eye.
• Body bilaterally compressed.
• First dorsal fin spiny.

25. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Mugiliformes

Family: Mugilidae

Genus: Valamugil

Species: Valamugil sehehi
Fig.29: Phasa

Local name: Phasa

Common name: Blue spot mullet

Scientific name: Valamugil sehehi

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 120Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body moderately robust
• Head wide, dorsally flattened
• No teeth on lips or palatines but vomer dentate
• Pectoral axillary’s scale long

26. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Mugiliformes

Family: Mugilidae

Genus: Liza Fig.30: Parsia

Species: Liza parsia

Local name: Parsia

Common name: Gold spot mullet

Scientific name: Liza parsia

Sources: Gollamari

Price: 240Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body slender
• Head moderately wide dorsally flattened
• Teeth labial two raws of short teeth on upper lip, but lower lip tooth less
• Pectoral fin 70to 79% of head length
• Dorsal and anal fins densely scaled

27. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Mugiliformes

Family: Mugilidae

Genus: Rhinomugil     Fig.31: Urol

Species: Rhinomugil corsula

Local name: Urol

Common name: Corsula mullet

Scientific name: Rhinomugil corsula

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 320Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Head concave between eyes, eyes projecting above this level.
• Mouth ventral.

28. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Mugiliformes

Family: Mugilidae

Genus: Mugil     Fig.32: Bhagan

Species: Mugil speigleri

Local name: Bhanagan

Common name: Speigler’s mullet

Scientific name: Mugil speigleri

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 340Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body moderately robust
• Head wide, dorsally flattened above
• Minute villiform teeth on both lips, absent on vomer and palatines
• Pre-orbital fairly wide
• Pectoral fin slightly shorter than head length
• Pectoral axillary scale long

29. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Mugiliformes

Family: Polynemidae

Genus: Polynemus

Species: Polynemus paradiseus

Local name: Tapashi    Fig.33: Tapashi

Common name:

Scientific name: Polynemus paradiseus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 160Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Caudal fin forked its upper lobe longer.
• Lower part of pectoral fins with 7 free filamentous rays.

30. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Scopeleiformes Fig.34: Lotya Shutki

Family: Harpodontidae

Genus: Harpadon

Species: Harpadon nehereus

Local name: Lotya

Common name: Bombay duck    

Scientific name: Harpadon nehereus

Sources: Chittagong

Price: 250Tk/kg (Dry)

Characteristics:

• Body elongate and compressed.
• Eyes very small and pectoral fins long.

31. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Gobiidae

Genus: Eleotris

Species: Eleotris fusca     Fig.35: Budh baila

Local name: Budh baila

Common name: Dusky sleeper goby

Scientific name: Eleotris fusca

Sources: Aroth

Price: 140Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Head depressed.
• Caudal rounded slightly shorter than head length.

32. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Sciaenidae

Genus: Sciaenoides

Species: Sciaenoides diacanthus    Fig.36: Poa

Local name: Poa

Scientific name: Sciaenoides diacanthus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 180Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body laterally compressed.
• Second dorsal fin long and caudal fin rounded.

33. Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Pomadasyidae

Genus: Pomadasys

Species: Pomadasys hasta Fig.37: Sada datina

Local name: Sada datina

Scientific name: Pomadasys hasta

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 140-160Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body oblong and slightly compressed.
• Two pores and a median pit on chin.

34. Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Sparidae porgies

Genus: Sparus Fig.38: Datina

Species: Sparus berda

Local name: Datina     .

Scientific name: Sparus berda

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 150Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body laterally compressed
• First dorsal fin spiny and caudal fin homocercal.

35. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family:Bagridae

Genus: Mystus

Species: Mystus gulio     Fig.39: Nuna tengra

Local name: Nuna tengra

Common name: Long – whiskered catfish

Scientific name: Mystus gulio

Sources: Gollamari

Price: 340Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and compressed.
• Head depressed its upper surface rough and granulated. & Mouth terminal.

36. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family:Tachysuridae

Genus: Tachysurus Fig.40: Ghagra

Species: Tachysurus gagora

Local name: Ghagra

Common name: Enters rivers

Scientific name: Tachysurus gagora

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 100Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated.
• Head depressed snout broad and duckbill shaped, head shield thinly granulated.
• Mouth inferior, jaw teeth villiform

37. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Tachysuridae

Genus: Wallago     Fig.41: Boal

Species: Wallago attu

Local name: Boal

Common name: Eurasian catfish

Scientific name: Wallago attu

Sources: Shahapur (Dumuria)

Price: 280Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and abdomen is swollen.
• Head depressed snout broad and duckbill shaped, head shield thinly granulated.
• Mouth inferior, jaw teeth villiform
• Dorsal and Pectoral fins are spiny.

38. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Schilbeidae

Genus: Pangasius

Species: Pangasius hypophthalmus Fig.42: Pangas

Local name: Pangas

Common name: Catfish

Scientific name: Pangasius hypophthalmus

Sources: Noyapara

Price: 80-100Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and laterally compressed
• Head somewhat flat, obtusely rounded snout and longer upper jaw, Eyes with narrow adipose lids, located partly on the lower surface of head and nearer to snout than occiput

39. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Trichiuridae

Genus: Trichiurius

Species: Trichiurius haumela
Fig.43: Churi

Local name: Churi

Scientific name: Trichiurius haumela

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 80-100Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and laterally flattened,
• Mouth is very wide & teethed
• Caudal fin is pointed

40. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Gobiidae

Genus: Apocryptes     Fig.44: Chiring

Species: Apocryptes lanceolatus

Local name: Chiring

Scientific name: Apocryptes lanceolatus

Sources: Shahapur(Dumuria)

Price: 120Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body very elongated and compressed, Dorsal fin much lower than body
• Mouth sub horizontal, upper jaw a little prominent, teeth on jaws uniserial

41. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Cluperiformes

Family: Cluperidae

Genus: Gudusia Fig.45: Khiara

Species: Gudusia chapra

Local name: Khiara

Common name:

Scientific name: Gudusia chapra

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 100Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body elongated and torpedo shape
• Terminal mouth

42. Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order: Perciformes

Family: Scatophagidae

Genus: Scatophagus

Species: Scatophagus urgus

Local name: Bishtara Fig.46: Bishtara

Scientific name: Scatophagus urgus

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 350Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body quadrangular, strongly compressed
• Mouth small with brush like teeth & Dorsal fin deeply cotched
• Head profile rising steeply to nape snout and inter orbital space rounded.

43. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Chordata

Sub-P: Vertebrata

Class: Chondrichthyes

Order: Rajiformes

Family: Trygonidae Fig.47: Shaplapata

Genus: Amphotistius

Species: Amphotistius zugei

Local name: Shaplapata

Common name: Sting ray

Scientific name: Amphotistius zugei

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 120Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Body is conical or round shape
• Body dorsoventrally flattened
• Have a whip like tail

44. Scientific Classification:

Phylum: Arthropoda

Sub-P: Crustacea

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family: Portunidae

Genus: Mudcrab     Fig.48: Kakra

Species: Scylla serrata

Local name: Kakra

Common name: Mudcrab

Scientific name: Scylla serrata

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 120-150Tk/kg

Characteristics:

• Mud Crabs are large in size with a smooth, broad carapace.
• Body is dorsoventrally flattened, have very robust claws
• Nine similar sized spines on each side of their eyes.
• Male is generally larger than females.

Fig.49: Golda chingri ( Matha)

Sources: Rupsha

Price: 50Tk/kg

Table2: Different fisheries species found in Khalishpur pouro super market (with local name, scientific name, sources and price)

AVERAGE PROFIT

From our survey we could know that each retailer got profit about 200-300tk. per day and the total number of retailer was about eighty. So, average profit of that market was about 16000-24000tk. per day. The highest profit was 1000-1500tk. and the lowest profit was 100-150tk. per day. Aradtar told that they sold the fisheries product about of 2-5 lakh takas per day. It mainly depends on the season. They sold more in July-October. In that time they sold fisheries product about of 10-15 lakh taka.

SEASOANAL VARIATION OF SPECIES

Some species found more in specific seasons and some are found whole over the year.

As maximum fishes came from different cultured area in this market, most of the fishes found all over the year. But they told that they sold more fish during July to October.

MARKETTING CHANNEL

Marketing provide a channel of communication between the producer and consumers. A channel of distribution for a product is the route taken by the title to the product as it moves from the producer to the ultimate consumers or industrial users. Almost all fish treated internally passes through private channels. The market structures vary from area to area. The intermediaries working in this market structure were found to be of various types. The types and functions of intermediaries operating in the different tires have been shown as follows:

• Primary market
• Secondary market
• Higher secondary market
• Final consuming market
• Exporting market

Fisherman Fisherman

(Marine, estuary Inland catchment

Primary market and river) & ponds

Fig.49: General Marketing Channels (Source: Ahmed, 1983 and DANIDA)

Fig.50: Marketing Channel in Khalishpur pouro super fish market.

From the above flow chart we can easily understand about the marketing channel of Khalishpur pouro super fish market (We only observed the marketing channel of fish market). Here assembler collected fisheries products (not only fish) from different sources which we wrote above (in the point of ‘fish collection sources’). Then they sold those to aratdar who sold then to local retailer. At last the retailer sold the fisheries products to the final consumer.

PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED IN THE MARKET

• Lack of landing facilities (jetties or pontoons).
• Silting, soil erosion and lack of water depth for landing
• Lack of adequate drainage
• Lack of facilities for washing down
• Floors dirty or earthen
• Lack of auction space at peak periods
• No access for vehicles. Fish has to be carried into and out of the market by head-load or pushcarts involving unnecessary handling.
• Lack of parking space
• lack of insulated storage facilities for holding iced fish

MEASURE TO IMPROVE THE MARKETING SYSTEM

We found some problems in our surveyed market and other different markets. The problems are common for all markets. So, we tried to give some recommendations to improve the marketing system of both our surveyed market and other markets around Bangladesh. Measures of the following kinds are needed to improve marketing quality:

1. Fisherman should receive instruction on improved method which will substantially reduce curing losses. Of course the effective use of such plant and equipment by communities or groups of fisherman requires that they be suitably organized and managerially capable, for this reason careful attention should be paid to social development aspects.
2. The situation described above has resulted in a series if missions by international experts and exhortation to establish an effective quality inspection and control service. DOF is responsible for this function through the fish inspection and quality control service (IQCS). Self regulation by an industrial body has also been proposed as a means of achieving effective quality control in Bangladesh. In support of this proposal it has been noted that companies attitude have evolved greatly since US blacklisting in 1979, and they are now actually aware of the importance of quality. However, it objected that in Bangladesh as elsewhere, industry will lack the unity of purpose to work a satisfactorily effective system, in view of which the government must continue to take primary responsibility for this function. However, were self-regulation to be wholeheartedly supported by the private sector, it would be the better system to adopt.
3. The building of a series of modern landing facilities and wholesale markets in all the major landing and trading centers throughout Bangladesh. These would be hygienic and require less physical handling of the fish.
4. Training and extension in improved handling and processing addressed at those involved in the handling of fish , including fisherman, traders, processors, export packers and municipal authorities . The first priority should be to improve the quality of exported fish, given its high unit value, but training should sub sequentially be given to those involved in the domestic trade. Training should be linked with research into improved handling.
5. There is a scope for considerable research in the post harvest fishery sector. For example, research is required to better quantify the post harvest losses.
6. Further suggestions arising from this report include restrictions on the number of new sea food packing plants they may be built, together with a prohibition on exports by companies, which do not own such plants, improvements in port facilities and reefer services, improvements in the quality of packaging material available to exports.
7. Others which are very common such as landing facilities, drainage facilities, parking facilities, ice holding facilities should be available in both surveyed and other markets all over Bangladesh.

CONCLUSION

The main objective of aquaculture is to reach the aquaculture product to the consumer which is not possible without harvesting, post harvesting and marketing techniques. Today the limited quantity of food calories is a great concern to many parts of the under developed world but the quantity, of notably of proteins, is more crucial. Supplies of proteins are particularly scare, costly and the protein calorie balance of diet is in adequate. Fresh and processed fish already are making important contribution to the world protein supply. By studying on various information about marketing system in Bangladesh it is found that there is lack of modern techniques of marketing system. So Bangladesh is facing enormous losses every year. The many developed countries are very aggressive in this technology. They have modern technology and equipments so their post harvest losses are very low. The provided better technology the fisheries co-operative should be developed. They have to give financial support and training facilities so that skill manpower would available. Government and private sectors have to give more attention on this site. The fish resources in Bangladesh are enormous. By applying better technology and conduct a good marketing system supply of better quality fish products will be available to the local and foreign market.

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